囊式蓄能器使用說明書
(中文版)
1 用途
蓄能器在液壓系統中起著儲存能量，穩定壓力，減少功率消耗，補償漏滲，吸收壓力脈動和沖擊力等作用。
2 型號示意
圖1 蓄能器及型號示意圖
3 特性
3.1 結構型式：A型、AB型。
3.2 固定方式：緊固環（抱箍）或支承座。
3.3 安裝方式：原則上垂直安裝。
3.4 工作介質：石油基液壓油、乳化液、水-乙二醇、煤油、抗燃油等。
3.5 工作溫度：-40℃~+120℃。
3.6 蓄能器氣腔：充裝無氧的干燥氮氣。
4 囊式蓄能器使用和維修注意事項
4.1 使用單位應配備具有壓力容器專業知識、熟悉國家相關法律、法規、安全技術規范和標準的安全管理人員，負責蓄能器的日常管理工作。
使用單位嚴格按照本產品使用說明書規定充裝介質。
4.2 螺紋轉換接頭：螺紋接頭與進油閥連接時應注意擰入端內孔尺寸不能太小，以防止閥桿頂住接頭卡死，造成膠囊夾破（見圖2接頭示意圖）。
圖2 接頭示意圖
接頭的建議尺寸如下表：
| 公稱容積(L) | 殼體外徑D0(mm) | 閥體連接螺紋M(mm) | 接頭內徑d(mm) | 內孔深度L(mm) |
| 0.4、0.63、1.0 | Φ89 | M27×2 | Φ16 | 18 |
| 1.6、2.5、4.0、6.3 | Φ152 | M42×2 | Φ22 | 30 |
| 10、16、20、25、32、40、50 | Φ219 | M60×2 | Φ25 | 40 |
| 25、40、50、63、80、100、120、150 | Φ299 | M72×2 | Φ30 | 50 |
4.3 充氣、卸氣注意事項
4.3.1 使用專用充氣工具（見圖3 充氣工具示意圖）。型號、壓力范圍和精度等級如下表：
| 型號 | 壓力范圍(MPa) | 精度等級 |
| CQJ-16 | Y-60、P=0~16 | 1.5 |
| CQJ-25 | Y-60、P=0~25 | |
| CQJ-40 | Y-60、P=0~40 |
圖3 充氣工具示意圖
4.3.2 充裝氣時，必須徐徐開啟氮氣瓶閥門，以便緩慢充氣，確保膠囊在充氣時不因充氣速度過快而使膠囊損壞。當氣源壓力高于蓄能器最大允許工作壓力時，應當在氣源出口和充氣工具之間連接減壓裝置，減壓裝置應配備2塊壓力表（一個高壓表進氣用和一個高壓表出氣用、低壓調節旋鈕、關閉裝置和整體減壓裝置。
4.3.3 蓄能器嚴禁充裝氧氣、壓縮空氣或其他可燃、氧化性氣體，否則極易引發爆炸。
4.3.4 氣體側的卸壓：使用專用的充氣裝置安全地打開充氣螺釘或充氣閥以進行部分的釋放或完全釋放充氣壓力。
4.4 蓄能器充氣壓力與系統工作壓力
4.4.1 狀態參數的定義：
P0 = 充氣壓力；P1 = 最低工作壓力；P2 = 最高工作壓力
4.4.2 預充壓力的極限值：P0 ≤ 0.9P1 工作壓力P2 ≤ 3P1。
4.4.3 允許的壓縮比為：P2 : P0 = 4 : 1。
作蓄能用，推薦：P0=65%~90%P1；
作緩沖用，推薦：P0=90%P(平均工作壓力)；
作消除脈動用，推薦：P0=60%P。
4.5 囊式蓄能器組裝（見圖4 NXQ-A型囊式蓄能器組裝示意圖）
圖4 NXQ-A型囊式蓄能器組裝示意圖
4.6 維修時注意事項(本產品為壓力容器，拆卸和組裝原則是由專業人員作業或在專業技術人員指導下進行。)
4.6.1 液壓側卸壓：在拆卸蓄能器之前應將蓄能器的液壓系統關閉或斷開回路，卸去油壓。
圖5 A型蓄能器結構
4.6.2 壓力釋放時，相關壓力表顯現無壓力方可拆卸。具體拆卸步驟詳見圖4 NXQ-A囊式蓄能器組裝示意圖。（見圖5 A型蓄能器結構）、AB型蓄能器（見圖6 AB型蓄能器結構）
圖6 AB型蓄能器結構
4.6.3 根據蓄能器結構特點，不論是A型還是AB型的進油閥裝配，都是先將進油閥體、橡膠托、支承環等先塞入殼體內，并在殼體內依次將橡膠托、支承環裝在閥體，再將閥體出口端拉出殼體外，一次裝配。
4.7 蓄能器安裝及檢查
4.7.1 蓄能器宜充氣閥朝上豎直安裝，牢固地安裝在固定支架或壁面上。
4.7.2 不得對蓄能器進行焊接的方式固定。
4.7.3 使用前對蓄能器安裝及固定進行安全檢查。
4.8 投用后的檢查和維護
4.8.1 應定期對充氣壓力進行檢測。皮囊及密封件2-3年定期更換。
Bladder Type Accumulator Instruction
(English version)
1 Application
Accmulators can be used in hydraulic system as pulsation dampeners,surge controllers,shock absorbers,emergency power,etc.
2 Notion of model
Figure 1 Diagram of accumulator
3 Characteristics
3.1 Structure type:Type A,Type AB.
3.2 Root:Fixed ring or support frame.
3.3 Installation form:Normally used in vertical direction.
3.4 Working medium:Hydraulic oil,emulsion,water-glycol,kerosene,fire resistant oil and etc.
3.5 Working temperature:-40℃~+120℃.
3.6 The air chamber:Need pure nitrogen without oxygen.
4 Cautions for using and repairing
4.1 There should be security administrator who is familiar with professional knowledge of pressure vessel and the laws,rules and standards about.
User should do charging according to the Instruction strictly.
4.2 The interior diameter of joint connecting with the oil port can not be too small,or it may stop the poppet and tear the bladder(As shown in Figure 2 Diagram of joint).
Figure 2 Diagram of joint
The suggestion dimensions of joint are as follows:
| Nominal capacity(L) | External dia. of shell D0(mm) | Joint thread of oil port M(mm) | Interior dia. of joint d(mm) | Depth of inner hole L(mm) |
| 0.4、0.63、1.0 | Φ89 | M27×2 | Φ16 | 18 |
| 1.6、2.5、4.0、6.3 | Φ152 | M42×2 | Φ22 | 30 |
| 10、16、20、25、32、40、50 | Φ219 | M60×2 | Φ25 | 40 |
| 25、40、50、63、80、100、120、150 | Φ299 | M72×2 | Φ30 | 50 |
4.3 Cautions for charging and discharging
4.3.1 Please use special tool for charging. The model,pressure range and accuracy class of charging gas tool(As shown in Figure 3 Diagram of changing gas tool) are as the bellow table:
| Model | Pressure range(MPa) | Accuracy class |
| CQJ-16 | Y-60、P=0~16 | 1.5 |
| CQJ-25 | Y-60、P=0~25 | |
| CQJ-40 | Y-60、P=0~40 |
4.3.2 It must be slow to open the valve of nitrogen cylinder and charge gas.It should connect the pressure reducing device with two pressure gauges between nitrogen source and chargetool when the pressure of nitrogen source is higher than the maximum working pressure of accumulator.
4.3.3 Charging oxygen,air,combustible gas or oxidizing gas is strictly prohibited.
4.3.4 Discharging:Open the valve or screw of chargetool to release pressure.
4.3.5 Charging gas pressure is according to working pressure and conditions.
4.4 Charging gas pressure and working pressure
4.4.1 Definitions of working parameter
P0 = Charging gas pressure；P1 = Minimum working pressure；P2 = Maximum working pressure
4.4.2 Limit of Charging gas pressure：P0 ≤ 0.9P1 P2 ≤ 3P1。
4.4.3 Permitted compression ratio：P2 : P0 = 4 : 1。
Recommended as emergency power:0=65%~90%P1；
Recommended as surge controllers:P0=90%P(平均工作壓力)；
Recommended as shock absorbers:P0=60%P。
4.5 Bladder accumulator assembly(As shown in Figure 4 NXQ-A bladder type accumulator assembly schematic drawing)
Figure 4 NXQ-A bladder type accumulator assembly schematic drawing
4.6 Cautions for repairing
4.6.1 It is necessary to release oil pressure before disassembling.
4.6.2 The oil port and bladder can be disassembled and assembled from the bottom during repairing for Type A accumulator(As shown in Figure 5 Structure of Type A accumulator).
Figure 5 Structure of Type A accumulator
4.6.3 The oil port and bladder can be disassembled and assembled from both ends respectively during repairing for Type AB accumulator (As shown in Figure 6 Structure of Type AB accumulator).
Figure 6 Structure of Type AB accumulator
4.6.4 Installation order is as follows whether Type A or Type AB.First put the oil port,rubber tray,supporting ring,and so on into the shell.Assemble the rubber tray and bearing ring onto the oil port interiorly,then pull exit end of oil port out from the hole.
4.7 Mounting and inspecting
4.7.1 Accumulator should be mounted on the bracket or wall vertically with gas valve upward.
4.7.2 Welding for mounting is strictly prohibited.
4.7.3 It is necessary to check the safety of mounting before working.
4.8 Check and maintenance when working
4.8.1 Check the gas pressure regularly.
4.8.2 Replace the bladder and seals in every two or three years.